'25.12.20《 經濟學人 》:習近平靠AI與製造業逆勢突圍,中國成2025最大贏家|OpenAI與泡泡瑪特深陷爆紅詛咒|敘利亞戰後重生的經濟奇蹟|加薩停火協議全面崩盤|如何在節日盛宴中保持健康

雜書觀察室 December 20, 2025
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20251220《經濟學人》習近平的勝利年與爆紅的詛咒 0:00 引言 0:10 習近平的勝利年 中國如何在 2025 展現韌性(還要感謝川普助攻) 本段落深入剖析中美博弈的最新局勢,指出川普(Donald Trump)的激進關稅政策反而成為習近平的戰略助攻。文章揭示中國在面對美國壓力時展現了兩大意想不到的韌性:首先是中國企業在殘酷內捲環境中練就的高壓耐受力;其次是威權體制能無視短期民意波動,貫徹長期戰略。數據顯示,中國不僅掌握全球 1/3 的製造業增加值,更壟斷了 60-80% 的綠色科技供應鏈(太陽能、風能、電動車),並在 AI 領域(如 DeepSeek)取得驚人突破。相對地,川普疏遠盟友並削減科研經費的政策,反而削弱了美國的長期創新能力與外交影響力。 9:56 爆紅的詛咒 諾和諾德、OpenAI 與泡泡瑪特的共同難題 為何「一夜成名」往往是企業惡夢的開始?本段落以 OpenAI、諾和諾德(Novo Nordisk)與泡泡瑪特(Pop Mart)為例,探討爆紅背後的三大陷阱。首先是「規模化詛咒」,OpenAI 為滿足營收預測需投入 1.4 兆美元建設,風險極高;其次是「影子市場」,Wegovy 產能不足導致仿製藥與假貨氾濫,嚴重侵蝕品牌;最後是「先發者劣勢」,競爭對手如禮來(Eli Lilly)與 Google 能避開先行者的錯誤,推出更優化的產品(如 Zepbound)並迅速搶佔市場。結論指出,真正的護城河並非單一爆款,而是如沃爾瑪或寧德時代般難以複製的生態系統。 19:08 2025 年度國家殊榮 誰是最大贏家? 《經濟學人》2025 年度國家評選結果令人震驚——敘利亞(Syria)。該國在阿薩德(Bashar al-Assad)政權倒台後,並未如預期般陷入極端伊斯蘭神權統治,新領導人艾哈邁德·沙拉(Ahmed al-Sharaa)反而帶來了穩定的世俗化治理。女性權益獲得保障,娛樂與酒精解禁,經濟隨制裁放寬復甦,更有 300 萬流亡者選擇返鄉,證明了和平的曙光。此外,阿根廷因米雷(Javier Milei)總統的休克療法成功將通膨率從 211% 降至 30% 而成為強力競爭者;巴西與南韓也因成功捍衛民主體制而獲得讚揚。 26:27 和平瀕臨崩潰 加薩停火協議岌岌可危 加薩停火協議簽署兩個月後,和平前景卻陷入泥沼。本段落揭露了協議僅停留在「暫停戰鬥」的第一階段,關鍵的第二階段(哈瑪斯解除武裝、新政府接管)完全停擺。隨著冬季風暴來襲,難民帳篷被淹沒,甚至導致嬰兒凍死,人道危機加劇。美國提出的「計畫社區」重建方案因僅能容納 1% 人口,被批評為作秀的「波坦金村」,無法解決實際問題。國際社會的冷漠與美國外交信譽的喪失,讓這場和平協議瀕臨崩潰,恐將引發更嚴重的地緣政治連鎖反應。 32:54 聖誕生存指南 如何在節日盛宴中保持健康? 聖誕大餐不用充滿罪惡感!本段落引用科學證據,提供一套「狂吃不胖」的生存指南。在飲酒方面,建議選擇琴酒或伏特加等透明烈酒以減少宿醉,並透過重量訓練增加肌肉量來稀釋酒精影響。飲食策略上,建議在餐中攝取杏仁或燕麥,其粘性纖維能阻斷近 30% 的膽固醇吸收;且糖分應與蛋白質、纖維混食以穩定血糖。最後強調心理健康的重要性,適度的放縱與社交能刺激大腦內啡肽,對健康的整體效益甚至大於嚴格的節制,真正的健康在於「中庸之道」。 #經濟學人 , #economistpoint , #economist

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