Come BERLUSCONI ha COMPRATO la TELEVISIONE ITALIANA

Starting Finance November 19, 2025
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Starting Finance

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La realtà nata per rivoluzionare l'educazione e la divulgazione economico-finanziaria in Italia.

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Per saperne di più su Coinbase e sulla promo dedicata: https://coinbase-consumer.sjv.io/jeYkDv _ Per scoprire di più sul nostro corso Finance & Investments clicca qui ⬇️ https://bit.ly/financeinvestmentsondemand _ Negli anni Settanta, in Italia, nascono le prime televisioni private locali, piccole emittenti via cavo come Tele-Biella, che operano in zone ristrette approfittando di un vuoto normativo: il monopolio pubblico riguarda solo le trasmissioni via etere, non quelle via cavo. Le prime iniziative aprono una breccia nel sistema, e dopo varie contestazioni la Corte costituzionale, tra il 1974 e il 1976, stabilisce che tali emittenti sono legittime, limitando il monopolio RAI al livello nazionale. Il verdetto segna una svolta: il mercato si apre alle trasmissioni locali e la libertà d’espressione viene riconosciuta anche nell’ambito televisivo. Alla fine del decennio, le emittenti locali proliferano, spesso in modo artigianale e dilettantesco, ma contribuiscono a rompere lo schema tradizionale e a diffondere l’idea di una TV diversa, più libera e vicina al pubblico. In questo contesto emerge Silvio Berlusconi, imprenditore milanese attivo nell’edilizia, che intuisce le potenzialità del nuovo mercato televisivo. Nel 1976 acquista TeleMilano, piccola emittente del quartiere Milano 2, e in pochi anni costruisce un progetto ambizioso: un network nazionale privato, fondato sulla sua holding Fininvest. Parallelamente, la RAI attraversa una fase di riforma, introduce la TV a colori, abbandona il Carosello e avvia la Terza rete (Rai 3), ma la politica evita di definire una legge che regoli le concessioni ai privati. Berlusconi sfrutta questo vuoto normativo, crea ReteItalia per la produzione di contenuti e Publitalia ’80 per la raccolta pubblicitaria, offrendo alle aziende pacchetti flessibili e un marketing mirato. Il modello funziona: tra il 1980 e il 1983 i ricavi pubblicitari di Publitalia esplodono, superando quelli della concessionaria RAI. Nel frattempo, Canale 5 ottiene visibilità nazionale e si affermano nuove reti: Italia 1 e Rete 4, entrambe acquisite entro il 1984. Per aggirare i limiti legali, Fininvest usa il sistema dell’interconnessione simultanea: programmi identici trasmessi in contemporanea da molte emittenti locali, senza costituire formalmente una rete nazionale. Ma nel 1984 arrivano gli oscuramenti giudiziari; il governo Craxi interviene con decreti d’urgenza, sanando di fatto la situazione. L’assenza di una regolamentazione organica diventa una peculiarità italiana, mentre Berlusconi consolida la sua posizione al vertice del sistema mediatico. Alla fine degli anni Ottanta, Fininvest controlla tre grandi reti private e domina il mercato pubblicitario con oltre il 60% degli investimenti televisivi. Nel 1990 arriva la prima legge organica sul sistema radiotelevisivo, che riconosce formalmente la coesistenza di due poli: RAI e Fininvest, entrambi con tre reti nazionali. Le TV private vengono autorizzate alla diretta e obbligate a introdurre telegiornali propri, come TG5, Studio Aperto e TG4. Con la nascita di Mediaset nel 1993, il gruppo televisivo viene riorganizzato, mentre la Prima Repubblica crolla. Berlusconi, ormai soprannominato “Sua Emittenza”, sostiene che la TV commerciale sia stata un “tonico per l’economia” e nel 1994 entra in politica. I referendum del 1995 confermano l’impianto legislativo esistente, sancendo la stabilità del duopolio televisivo italiano. Il risultato è una trasformazione profonda: la nascita della TV commerciale segna il passaggio da un sistema pubblico monopolistico a un pluralismo all’italiana, dove potere mediatico, economico e politico si intrecciano, cambiando per sempre il panorama culturale del Paese. INDICE: 00:00 Intro 00:25 La tv negli anni del boom 6:23 La scommessa di Berlusconi 12:47 L’accelerazione di Fininvest 16:45 Il pluralismo all’italiana FONTI PRINCIPALI: Rai Archivio Storico La Stampa Archivio Storico L'Unità Archivio Storico Corriere della Sera senato.it L'Espresso Il Sole 24 Ore Treccani Autore: Simone Cosimelli Revisione Testo: Cosimo Volpe Montaggio: Dario Trovato Coordinamento: Simone Conti Responsabile Editoriale: Edoardo Scirè #StartingFinance #Finanza #Economia Le Masterclass di Starting Finance: https://bit.ly/SF-MasterclassYT I CANALI DI STARTING FINANCE: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/startingfinance/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/startingfinance TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@startingfinance Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/starting-finance/ Telegram: https://t.me/StartingFinance Sito: https://www.startingfinance.com/ Zoran! Il nostro percorso educativo gratuito: https://bit.ly/zoran-yt

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