Video Description

This lecture was held by Ingrid Daubechies at The University of Oslo, May 24, 2017 and was part of the Abel Prize Lectures in connection with the Abel Prize Week celebrations. Ingrid Daubechies is a Belgian physicist and mathematician. She is best known for her work with wavelets in image compression. Abstract: Yves Meyer's surprising construction of orthonormal bases consisting of dilates and translates of a single smooth function was followed soon after by the development of the Multiresolution Analysis framework in collaboration with Stephane Mallat. As already shown in the presentation by Stephane Mallat, this development was rooted in and used insights from a variety of fields -- ranging from pure harmonic analysis to statistics, quantum physics, geophysics and computer vision. The lecture will discuss some of those diverse roots in more detail, and also show how the new wavelet synthesis, sparked by Yves Meyer's seminal work, led to further progress in all those fields as well as others. Finally, hindsight shows that the new paradigm introduced by wavelet analysis was a first example of the power of  sparse decompositions -- and thus a prelude to another paradigm shift, that of Compressed Sensing, about which more will follow, in the presentation by Emmanuel Candès. Program for the Abel lectures 2017: 1. Detection of gravitational waves and time-frequency wavelets, by Abel Laureate Yves Meyer, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay 2. A Wavelet Zoom to Analyze a Multiscale World, by professor Stéphane Mallat, École Normale Supérieure 3. Wavelet bases: roots, surprises and applications, by professor Ingrid Daubechies, Duke University 4. Wavelets, sparsity and its consequences, professor Emmanuel Jean Candès, Stanford University Thumbnail photo: Samfoto/John Petter Reinertsen.