LEÓNIDAS | La HISTORIA REAL del REY LEÓNIDAS y sus 300 ESPARTANOS en la batalla de las TERMÓPILAS

Raquel de la Morena May 22, 2022
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Raquel de la Morena

@raqueldelamorenaoficial

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Somos Raquel de la Morena y Pedro Estrada, periodistas y escritores. En nuestros vídeos os contaremos historias destinadas especialmente a mentes curiosas. Biografías, leyendas, misterios, curiosidades históricas y literarias... Si os apetece escucharlas y verlas, ¡sois bienvenid@s! Como escritores, somos autores de novelas de romance histórico ('El corazón de la banshee' y '¿Quién diablos eres?', obra ganadora del V Premio Titania), libros juveniles (como la novela-espejo 'La maldición de Trefoil House') y también infantil-juveniles (como la colección 'Vinlandia', publicada también en Francia por la editorial Hachette).

Video Description

Leónidas fue un famoso rey de Esparta que pasó a la historia por su heroica resistencia, junto a 300 espartanos, en el paso de las Termópilas frente al gigantesco ejército del emperador persa Jerjes I. Pero ¿es real la historia de Leónidas tal y como la conocemos? En este vídeo documental en español os contamos la versión histórica de la batalla de las Termópilas y la historia real de Leónidas y los espartanos. #historia #biografia #300 En el siglo V antes de Cristo, Esparta era una de las ciudades estado griegas más importantes, junto a Atenas, Corinto y Tebas, pero se diferenciaba de estas en muchos aspectos. Por ejemplo, carecía de acrópolis y tampoco tenía murallas –ya que estaba rodeada de montañas y consideraron que no las necesitaban–, y su polis estaba formada por cinco aldeas cercanas que acordaron establecer instituciones comunes y convertirse así en una ciudad estado. Pero, sobre todo, la principal diferencia era que la vida en Esparta estaba orientada completamente a la vida militar. En las demás ciudades griegas solo se luchaba en caso de necesidad: si había una guerra, los ciudadanos tomaban las armas, pero el resto del tiempo el ejército era poco más que una guardia nacional. En cambio, en Esparta, los ciudadanos de pleno derecho, los hómoioi, eran instruidos obligatoriamente desde los siete años en la agogé, la educación espartana, en la que se rechazaba todo individualismo y se preparaban para la vida militar. Apartados de sus familias, los niños eran llevados a barracones y sometidos a un duro entrenamiento físico dirigido a convertirlos en soldados perfectos que resultaran de utilidad al Estado. Pero incluso antes de los siete años, tampoco llevaban una vida fácil. Nada más nacer, un grupo de ancianos examinaban al niño y decidían si era lo suficientemente robusto y no tenía defectos físicos. Si superaba el escrutinio, se lo entregaban a su familia; si no, lo arrojaban por un barranco o lo abandonaban en una cima para que muriera. Y no creáis tampoco que las familias trataban con mucho cariño a sus pequeños: no les ponían pañales, para que se acostumbraran al sol y al frío. Con mucha frecuencia los dejaban solos y en la oscuridad, para que se acostumbraran a no tener miedo. Y, por supuesto, no se les consentía la menor rabieta ni capricho. A partir de los siete años, y hasta los veinte, ya viviendo en barracones, como mencionamos, pasaban a formar parte de una unidad militar infantil donde se les enseñaba a leer y escribir de manera básica, y donde, sobre todo, se les ejercitaba físicamente, los instruían en el manejo de las armas y les inculcaban disciplina y obediencia ciega. Los niños iban descalzos y mugrientos, porque casi nunca se bañaban, y les daban muy poca comida a fin de que se vieran en la obligación de robar alimentos para sobrevivir. Si los pillaban hurtando, sus instructores los castigaban severamente, pero no por el hecho de robar, sino por su torpeza al haber sido descubiertos. Aunque de pequeños todos llevaban la cabeza rapada, a los quince años se dejaban el pelo largo, y lo llevarían así durante su vida adulta, ya que los espartanos opinaban que el pelo largo hacía más guapos a los guapos y más temibles a los feos. Gracias por visitar nuestro canal. Somos Raquel de la Morena y Pedro Estrada, periodistas y escritores. En nuestros vídeos os contaremos historias destinadas especialmente a mentes curiosas. Biografías, leyendas, misterios, curiosidades históricas y literarias... Si os apetece escucharlas y verlas, ¡sois bienvenid@s! Como escritores, somos autores de novelas de romance histórico ('El corazón de la banshee' y '¿Quién diablos eres?', obra ganadora del V Premio Titania), libros juveniles (como la novela-espejo 'La maldición de Trefoil House') y también infantil-juveniles (como la colección 'Vinlandia', publicada también en Francia por la editorial Hachette). Consigue nuestros libros más recientes: '¿Quién diablos eres?': https://amz.run/5Bh9 'El corazón de la banshee': https://amz.run/5Bh6 'La maldición de Trefoil House': https://amz.run/5Bh4 'Zen': https://amzn.to/3fBzSYk Colección 'Vinlandia': https://amz.run/5CTK https://amz.run/5CTL https://amz.run/5CTN Sígueme en las redes sociales: Instagram 📸: https://www.instagram.com/raqueldlmorena Twitter: https://twitter.com/RaqueldlMorena Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Raquel-de-la-Morena-423244607874154/ Goodreads: https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/5398610.Raquel_de_la_Morena Web: http://www.raqueldelamorena.com ----------- Guion: Pedro Estrada y Raquel de la Morena Edición, audio y vídeo: Pedro Estrada Música: 'Imperial Forces', de Aaron Kenny

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