We Can't Measure* Distance In Outer Space!

Video Description

Get Nebula for 40% off with my link: https://go.nebula.tv/scienceasylum Then watch my next video early: https://nebula.tv/videos/scienceasylum-this-important-principle-is-always-explained-wrong We can't measure the distance to astronomical objects directly, so we have to be creative. That's why we need the cosmic distance ladder. It's a serious of techniques we use to calculate astronomical distances indirectly. Nick Lucid - Host, Writer, Editor, Animator Em Lucid - Producer Nora Bailey - Researcher, Fact-Checker ________________________________ VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS Black Hole Misconceptions: https://youtu.be/JAUObgaGnNI ________________________________ RELATED YOUTUBE VIDEOS SciShow Space on Distance Ladder: https://youtu.be/rV-Z6jk9Fkw ________________________________ SUPPORT THE SCIENCE ASYLUM Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/ScienceAsylum YouTube Membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXgNowiGxwwnLeQ7DXTwXPg/join Advanced Theoretical Physics (Paperback): http://www.lulu.com/shop/nick-lucid/advanced-theoretical-physics-a-historical-perspective/paperback/product-24250687.html Advanced Theoretical Physics (eBook): https://gumroad.com/l/ubSc Merchandise: http://shop.spreadshirt.com/scienceasylum/ ________________________________ HUGE THANK YOU TO THESE SUPPORTERS Asylum Counselors: Bosphorus Asylum Orderlies: Dhruv Singhal, Medec Hurtz Einsteinium Crazies: Benjamin Sharef, Eoin O'Sullivan, Jonathan Lima, Joseph Salomone, Kevin Flanagan, Sean K, YouTubeviewer2014 Plutonium Crazies: Al Davis, Compuart, Ellis Hall, Fabio Manzini, Kevin MacLean, LT Marshall, Rick Myers, Vid Icarus Platinum Crazies: Clayton Bruckert, David Johnston, Jonathan Reel, Joshua Gallaghe, Marino Hernandez, Mikayla Eckel Cifrese, Mr. Orn Jonasar, Olga Cooperman, Thomas V Lohmeier ________________________________ SOURCES Radar Ranging: https://doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(73)90002-X https://ilrs.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/scienceContributions/lunar.html Parallax: https://doi.org/10.1167/9.1.10 https://sci.esa.int/web/gaia/-/53278-measuring-stellar-distances-by-parallax https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Gaia/Gaia_factsheet. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aacb21 Cepheid Variables: http://astro.wku.edu/labs/m100/PLrelation.html https://www.atnf.csiro.au/outreach/education/senior/astrophysics/variable_cepheids.html https://doi.org/10.17226/9585 https://doi.org/10.1086/126870 Type 1a Supernovas: https://arxiv.org/abs/0705.0726 https://doi.org/10.1086/186970 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.aa.30.090192.002043 https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.04192 Cosmological: https://astro.ucla.edu/~wright/CosmoCalc.html https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9905116 https://doi.org/10.1093/astrogeo/aty268 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ac9b22 https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.13642 ________________________________ LINKS TO COMMENTS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RFXFevguldQ&lc=UgyurT3TBd7MqFgtvNh4AaABAg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RFXFevguldQ&lc=Ugwr83-b5STb9r8baVh4AaABAg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RFXFevguldQ&lc=UgyrZEuxWhBij4PDqzF4AaABAg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RFXFevguldQ&lc=Ugz4R9pNEJgGsiJ8lLJ4AaABAg ________________________________ IMAGE/VIDEO CREDITS Apollo Retrorefector: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Apollo_11_Lunar_Laser_Ranging_Experiment.jpg https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/retroreflectors-from-apollo-mars/ Deep Field Flythrough: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31035/ Gaia Animation: https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Videos/2019/10/Gaia_astronomical_revolution Milky Way (Artist Rendition): https://images.nasa.gov/details/PIA10748 Type 1a Supernova: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13852 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Record-breaking_supernova_in_the_CANDELS_Ultra_Deep_Survey.jpg Barred Spiral Galaxy (NGC 1300): https://images.nasa.gov/details/GSFC_20171208_Archive_e002154 Redshift Cube: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14105/ Redshift Zoom: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14301/ Galaxy GLASS-z12: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NASA-GLASS-z13-Closeup-JWST-20220722.jpg ________________________________ TIME CODES 00:00 Cold Open 00:22 Introduction 02:05 Radar Ranging 04:17 Inverse Square Law 04:57 Stellar Parallax 08:46 Standard Candles 10:58 Cepheid Variable Stars 12:58 Type 1a Supernovas 15:15 Cosmological Redshift 18:37 Summary 19:44 Nebula Ad 20:52 Outro 21:05 Featured Comment