When the Chinese Besieged a Dutch Star Fortress – The (Staggering) Siege of Zeelandia 1661/62

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Play War Thunder now with my link, and get a massive, free bonus pack including vehicles, boosters and more: https://playwt.link/sandrhomanhistory24 War Thunder is a highly detailed vehicle combat game containing over 2000 playable tanks, aircrafts and ships spanning over 100 years of development. Immerse yourself completely in dynamic battles with an unparalleled combination of realism and approachability On a misty morning in 1661, the cannons of the Chinese warlord Koxinga opened fire on Fort Zeelandia. This marked the beginning of a siege that pitched a Western star fortress against a determined, disciplined, and numerically superior Chinese army. The siege lasted almost a year and was characterized by hunger and disease, complex terrain, and spectacular firefights. The stakes were high, as Formosa, modern-day Taiwan, was one of the most important Dutch colonies in Southeast Asia, and Koxinga desperately needed a safe base from the civil war raging on the Chinese mainland. This is how modern historiography tells the story of the staggering siege of Zeelandia. Patreon (thank you): https://www.patreon.com/sandrhomanhistory Paypal (thank you: https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/SandRhomanhistory Twitter: https://twitter.com/Sandrhoman Some must read mlitary history books: Ambrose, S. E., Band of Brothers: E Company, 2001. https://amzn.to/438ltvZ Baime, A. J., The Accidental President: Harry S. Truman, 2017. https://amzn.to/3TcDGUj Beard, M., Emperor of Rome: Ruling the Ancient Roman World, 2023. https://amzn.to/49L2olR Bevoor, A., Stalingrad: The Fateful Siege: 1942-1943, 1999. https://amzn.to/4a4rqwe Beevor, A., The Second World War, 2013. https://amzn.to/3wNFITu Brennan, P+D., Gettysburg in Color, 2022. https://amzn.to/48LGldG Clausewitz, C., On War, 2010. https://amzn.to/3Vblf5 Kaushik, R., A Global History of Pre-Modern Warfare: 10,000 BCE–1500 CE, 2021. https://amzn.to/49Mtqt7 McPherson, J., Battle Cry of Freedom, The Civil War Era, 2021. https://amzn.to/3TseYAW Tsu, S., The Art of War, 2007, https://amzn.to/3TuknHA Sledge. E. B., With the Old Breed: At Peleliu and Okinawa, 2008. https://amzn.to/439olIK Pomerantsev, P., How to Win an Information War, 2024. https://amzn.to/3Ts0YqQ Bibliography Andrade, Tonio, How Taiwan Became Chinese : Dutch, Spanish and Han Colonization in the Seventeenth Century, New York 2008. Andrade, Tonio, Lost Colony: The Untold Story of China’s First Great Victory Over the West, Princeton 2011. Andrade, Tonio, The Gunpowder Age: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History, Princeton 2016. Clements, Jonathan, Coxinga and the Fall of the Ming Dynasty, Stroud 2004. Manthorpe, Jonathan, Forbidden nation. A history of Taiwan, New York 2009. Coyett, Frederick, [First published 1675 in 't verwaerloosde Formosa]. “Arrival and Victory of Koxinga". In Campbell, William (ed.). Formosa under the Dutch: described from contemporary records, with explanatory notes and a bibliography of the island, London 1903.