Кого называли «татарами» в средние века?

Юрий Абарин March 19, 2024
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Юрий Абарин

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Кого называли «татарами» в средние века? Согласно официальной истории, в марте 1241 года некие татары, вторгшись на территорию Польши двумя большими группами, разбили основные силы польской армии и захватили Сандомир, Вроцлав и Краков. В это время Магистр ордена Храма во Франции Понсе де'Обон писал своему молодому королю Людовику IX: «Знайте, что татары разорили землю, принадлежащую герцогу Генриху Польскому, и убили его с великим количеством его баронов». Еще один интересный момент. Читаем польские хроники: «Чтобы посеять панику в польских отрядах, татары отправили своих переодетых агентов-воинов в стан врага. И те спокойно растворились среди польских солдат. И никто в польской армии не обнаружил чужаков, ведь внешне татары и поляки ничем не отличались, даже разговаривали на одном языке». Так кто же такие татары в понимании Европейцев, того времени? Кто же в реальности напал на Польшу в 1241 году? Для этого обратимся к трудам польского историка, хроникёра и религиозного деятеля 16 века Мартина Кромера. В своем труде об истории Польши, он не раз заявлял, что «В походе на Польское королевство в 1241 году принимали участие отряды Галицко-Волынских князей и Смоленско-Брянские полки, которых в Европе называли общим названием татары». Вот и ответ! Татары – это отряды и полки Руси. Небольшое, но важное уточнение! Галицко-Волынское княжество было создано в 1199 году новгородским, то есть русским князем Романом Мстиславичем Галицким. По сложившимся средневековым повсеместным правилам, чтобы избежать восстаний, армия и вся знать княжества, главным образом, состояла только из представителей тех земель, откуда и родом был сам князь, то есть из новгородских земель. В галицко-волынской летописи Роман Мстиславович именуется «самодержцем всея Руси» или «великим князем Романом Руской земли». Так что в Европу, в 1241 году вторглись не кочевники из степей Монголии или Казахстана, не крымские или волжские татары, а именно отборные войска Руси, которых в Европе, и называли татары. Источники: 1. Шишов А. В. Александр Невский: святой князь – ратоборец / А. В. Шишов. – Москва, 2006. 2. Селезнёв Ю.В. Летописные сведения о боевых действиях войск Золотой Орды на территории Центрального Черноземья (XIII - XIV вв.) // Армия в истории России. Курск: Издательство РОСИ, 1997. 3. Карамзин Н. М. Глава 2. Великие князья Святослав Всеволодович, Андрей Ярославич и Александр Невский (один после другого). Г. 1247–1263 // История государства Российского: В 3 кн., заключающих в себе 12 т. — СПб.: Золотой век: Диамант, 1997. 4. Александр Бушков. Россия, которой не было: загадки, версии, гипотезы, 2001. Спасибо за внимание! Подписывайтесь на мой канал всемирной альтернативной истории - исторический канал Юрия Абарина! С уважением, Юрий Абарин!

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