Lecture 15: Stratification in Gas and Liquid Mixtures; Liquid-Vapor Spinodal Decomposition
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MIT 2.43 Advanced Thermodynamics, Spring 2024 Instructor: Gian Paolo Beretta View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/ Complete course table of contents with hyperlinks to slides and video timestamps: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_toc_slides_pdf/ Complete course analytical index with hyperlinks to slides and video timestamps: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_index_slides_pdf/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP6309d0oJDiVo1CvxUQXJ2il This lecture covers: Stratification in gas and liquid mixtures in gravitational, centrifugal, and electrostatic fields. Oxygen and CO2 concentration with elevation in the atmosphere. Liquid-vapor equilibria in pure substances. Metastable states and spinodal decomposition. Instructor suggests to set viewing speed at 1.5 for faster learning. Slides for this lecture: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_lec15_pdf/ Key moments: 00:00:00 - Introduction 00:00:24 - Mixing and Separation. Stratification 00:00:51 - Review: Mixing of Ideal Gases; Entropy of Mixing 00:01:11 - Review: Adiabatic Availability of Mixing 00:01:38 - Minimum Work of Complete Mixture Separation 00:02:12 - Illustration on an Energy vs Entropy Diagram 00:05:27 - Ideal Separation Using Semipermeable Membranes 00:09:24 - Stratification of Mixtures in Gravity Field 00:19:57 - Stratification in the Atmosphere 00:27:06 - Mutual Equilibrium Between Ocean and Atmosphere 00:35:12 - Stratification of Mixtures in a Centrifuge 00:38:49 - Gas Centrifuges for Uranium Enrichment 00:43:32 - Stratification of Charges in an Electric Field 00:54:44 - Liquid-Vapor Equilibria in Pure Substances 00:55:36 - Review: Lennard-Jones Potential 00:56:02 - Lennard-Jones Pure Substance (“Lennardjonesium”) 01:07:20 - Van der Waals Non-Ideal Behavior Model 01:11:51 - Van der Waals Metastable and Unstable States 01:30:47 - Wilson Cloud Chamber and Glaser Bubble Chamber 01:34:35 - Liquid-Vapor Spinodal Decomposition License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.
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