Natural medicine, Lions mane

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Isle of Wight mushroom farm, https://www.iwmushrooms.co.uk/ Lions main, Hericium erinaceus Long history of usage in traditional Chinese medicine https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/17/8/1307 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34169530/ Lots of bioactive compounds, polysaccharides (notably β-glucans), terpenoids, phenolic compounds, polyphenols, and peptides, bioactive proteins Diverse health-promoting properties. Functional food / mushroom, nutraceutical Safer and more sustainable health solutions Nutritional perspective Mushrooms, proteins, fibre, vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6 and D precursors), selenium, zinc, and potassium Low-calorie: high nutrient density ratio Prebiotic fibers, gut health, growth of beneficial microbiota, contributing to improved digestion and immune function Peripheral neuronal regeneration https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23510212/ Functional recovery following crush injury to the peroneal nerve in rats Stimulated regrowth of motor endplates/neuromuscular junction More rapid improvement in motor function PNS mechanisms Activation of genes in dorsal root ganglia neurons (cell bodies of sensory neurones) Activates genes to produce neurotrophins Neurotrophic factors, Nerve Growth Factor These promote cell survival and stimulate nerve fibre growth Promote protein synthesis in damaged neurones Central nervous system maintenance and regeneration Preventing and managing neurodegenerative diseases Preclinical studies, improvements in ischemic stroke, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Depression and anxiety Enhancing cognitive function https://restorativemedicine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/lions-mane.pdf CNS mechanisms Can cross the blood brain barrier https://verybigbrain.com/nootropics/brain-cell-regeneration-the-remarkable-effects-of-lions-mane-mushroom/ Neurotrophic factors, Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Nerve Growth Factor AD and PD, where oxidative stress plays a central role Scavenging reactive oxygen species and inducing endogenous antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) Terpenoids Hericenones, A to L Fruiting body Stimulates NGR, and mimics NGF (mimetic) Cognitive enhancement and memory improvement Increases nerve cell growth, fibre formation, new connection formation in hippocampus Erinacenes, A to Z2 Mycelium Erinacine A, shown to increase nerve growth factor (NGF) levels in the brain, promoting neurogenesis and neuronal survival Stimulates NGF and is a brain anti-inflammatory Reducing neuroinflammation and systemic inflammation Suppressing glial cell inflammatory activation (Excessive microglial activation is a known problem in AD, oxidative stress accelerates neuronal damage) Potent neuroprotective effects Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunological effects Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are underlying factors in a wide range of diseases, Including cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, neurodegenerative illnesses, and cancer Conventional treatments rely on synthetic drugs,  significant side effects and long-term health risks Neutralize ROS and reduce oxidative stress in neuronal cells Downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β), while upregulating anti-inflammatory cytokines. Reduced prostaglandin synthesis (COX 2 inhibitor) Immunomodulatory Restoring gut microbiota, reducing systemic inflammation Extract significantly increased SOD, CAT, and GPx levels, protecting liver cells from oxidative damage Antimicrobial activities Antibiotic effect Inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis Bacteriostatic Bactericidal Rise in antibiotic-resistant pathogens, overuse, disuse, MRSA, MDRTB - significant threat to public health Several studies suggest that its bioactive compounds may act synergistically with conventional antibiotics, improving antimicrobial activity All extracts displayed antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, novel mechanisms of action, Potential applications in combating antibiotic-resistant infections. Active against MRSA Antibiotic mechanisms Prevents biofilm formation Phenolic compounds, have been shown to interfere with bacterial and fungal cell membranes Gram-positive bacteria, which have a thick peptidoglycan layer that is more susceptible to membrane-targeting agents Inhibit key bacterial enzymes involved in cell wall synthesis, DNA replication, and energy metabolism Safety of lions mane use Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) Allergies Anticoagulants, antiplatelet Idiosyncratic interactions possible but unlikely